Countermeasures may work against target acquisitiin systems that depend on electronic, thermal, infrared, optical, or radar technology. Countermeasures come virtually all popularly associated by owning aircraft defense, with examples including metal foil chaff and to disrupt radar detection, decoy flares to disrupt infrared, and electronic countermeasures to disrupt other targeting & communications systems. Even so, l& and sea-depending forces can besides utilise such countermeasures besides when smoke-screens that can disrupt laser ranging, infrared detection, laser weapons, & ocular observation.

Countermeasures come the complicating factor the development anti-ballistic missile defense systems targeting ICBM's. Rather aircraft, ICBM's theoretically could evade such systems by deploying decoys & chaff in the midcourse phase of flight. Novel proposed chaff mechanisms describe the creation of a "threat cloud" by deploying of big metal Mylar balloon which could conceal the load among the big total of inert objects with similar radiolocation profiles.

In the wake up of missile attacks against civilian passenger & consignment airliners in the early 2000's, various agencies investigated a feasibleness of equipping countermeasures chaff and flares. Numerous commercial carriers encountered a figured price of countermeasures to become as well costly. Even so, a Israeli airline El-Al, having been the target of a failing missile attack in Mombassa, Kenya in 2002, equipped its fleet with radar-enabled, machine-driven flare release countermeasures in Could 2004.